IRRIGATED LANDS DEGRADATION:

A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE

- Irrigation Basics -
- Irrigation Technology -
- Aridity -
- Inventory of Irrigated Lands -
- Degradation of Irrigated Land -
- Water Supplies for Irrigation -
- Economics of Irrigation -
- Politics and History of Irrigation -

Edition 5, July 2007
by
Bruce Sundquist
bsundquist1@windstream.net

Key Words: Desalination, Groundwater supplies, Irrigated land abandonment, Irrigated land degradation, Irrigated land inventories, Irrigated land productivity, Irrigated land salinity, Irrigation economics, Irrigation-related diseases, Irrigation subsidies, Irrigation technology, salt tolerance, water runoff, water supply,

Previous Editions: - Ed.1 (5/98) - Ed.2 (5/00) - Ed.3 (8/03) - Ed.4 (4/05)

~ TABLE OF CONTENTS ~
Note 1: Throughout this document, the notation (la) means that the corresponding information has been copied to a Land/ Aquatic-Area data file.
Note 2: If the system of units used in this document (normally metric) confuses you, see Chapter (8), Section (8-A).

(1) ~ IRRIGATION OVERVIEW ~

(2) ~ IRRIGATION BASICS ~
(2-A) ~ Irrigated Land Salinity Basics ~ [A1] General, [A2] Degradation mechanisms, [A3] Quantifying Salinity, [A4] Salt Tolerance of Crops, [A5]~Salt Levels in Soils, [A6] Drainage Ponds,
(2-B) ~ Aridity ~ [B1] Global, [B2] Latin America, [B3] Africa,
(2-C) ~ Irrigation Technology ~ [C1] Groundwater Use, [C2] Central-Pivot Irrigation, [C3] Drip Irrigation, [C4] Hydroponics, [C5]~Miscellaneous, [C6] Surge Techniques,
(2-D) ~ Irrigated Land Productivity ~
(2-E) ~ Irrigation-Related Diseases - [E1] General, [E2] Drinking Salty Water, [E3] Schistosomiasis, [E4] Groundwater Nitrates, [E5]~Miscellaneous,

(3) ~ IRRIGATED LANDS INVENTORIES ~
(3-A) ~ Global Inventory ~ [A1] General, [A2] Irrigated Land Area per Capita, [A3] Total Irrigated Land, [A4] Inventory of Irrigated Land by Country,
(3-B) ~ Global Projections and Potential Irrigation Land ~ [B1] Global, [B2] Africa, [B3] Asian Sub-Continent, [B4] Southeast Asia, [B5]~US, [B6] Mid-East,
(3-C) ~ Regional Irrigated Land Inventories-Asia ~ [C1] Mid-East, [C2] Asian Sub-Continent, [C3] East Asia, [C4] Southeast Asia, [C5]~Central Asia,
(3-D) ~ Regional Irrigated Land Inventories - Africa and Australia ~ [D1] Africa in General, [D2] North Africa, [D3] Central Africa, [D4]~Australia,
(3-E) ~ Irrigated Land Inventories - North and South America ~ [E1] US, [E2] Western US, [E3] Great Plains, [E4] Eastern US, [E5]~Latin America,

(5) ~ DEGRADATION OF IRRIGATED LANDS ~
(5-A) ~ Global Overview ~ [A1] Irrigation System Degradation; [A2] Irrigation System Abandonment, [A3] Irrigation System Restoration,
(5-B) ~ Regional Degradation ~ Asia ~ [B1] Asian Sub-Continent, [B2] Central Asia, [B3] Eastern Asia, [B4] Mid-East, [B5]~Southeast Asia,
(5-C) ~ Regional Degradation ~ Africa and Australia ~ [C1] Africa, [C2] Australia,
(5-D) ~ Regional Degradation ~ North and South America ~ [D1] US, [D2] US - Western, [D3] US - Great Plains, [D4] South America, [D5]~Central America,

(6) ~  WATER SUPPLIES FOR IRRIGATION ~
(6-A) ~ Global Overview ~ [A1] Water Inventories, [A2] Runoff, [A3] Dam Construction, [A4] Dam Inventories, [A5] Water Use by Humans - Total, [A5a] Non-Agricultural- and [A5b] Agricultural, [A6] Groundwater Supplies, [A7] Desalination, [A8] Water Recycling, [A9]~Irrigation Water-Use Efficiency, [A10] Surface Water Supplies, [A11] Water Losses, (NOTE: (6-A) [9] is same as (7-A) [A12])
(6-B) ~ Regional Water Supplies and Use ~ Asia and Europe ~ [B1] Asian Sub-continent, [B2] Far East, [B3] Middle East, [B4]~Southeast Asia, [B5] Europe, [B6] Russia and Central Asian Republics,
(6-C) ~ Regional Water Supplies and Use ~ Africa and Australia ~ [C1] Africa, [C2] Africa -Nile River Drainage, [C3]~Australia,
(6-D) ~ Regional Water Supplies and Use ~ North and South America ~ [D1] United States, [D2] US - Western, [D3]~US-Great Plains, [D4]~Northwestern US, [D5] Southeastern US, [D6] Midwestern US, [D7] Central America, [D8] South America,

(7) ~ ECONOMICS, POLITICS AND HISTORY ~
(7-A) ~ Irrigation Economics ~ [A1] General, [A2] Water Prices, [A3] Capital Costs, [A4] Irrigation Subsidies -US, [A5] Irrigation Subsidies - US - Policy Issues, [A6] Irrigation Subsidies - US - States, [A7] Irrigation Subsidies - Non-US, [A8] Desalination, [A9]~Central-Pivot Irrigation, [A10] Drip Irrigation, [A11] Region-categorized data, [A12] Irrigation Efficiency (NOTE: Same as (6-A) [9]),
(7-B) ~ Politics of Irrigation and Water ~ [B1] General, [B2] South America, [B3] US, [B4] Asia, [B5] Africa,
(7-C) ~ History of Irrigation ~ [C1] General, [C2] North and South America, [C3] Europe, [C4] Asia,

(8) ~  APPENDICES ~
(8-A) ~ Conversion Factors-Precise ~ [A1] Lengths, [A2] Area, [A3] Weights, [A4] Volumes,
(8-B) ~ Conversion Factors-Imprecise ~
(8-C) ~ Definitions ~
(8-D) ~ Information Sources and Organizations ~
(8-E) ~ Databases ~ 

(9) ~ REFERENCES ~ [A] Before 1980, [B] 1980 -1982, [C] 1983 -1985, [D] 1986 -1988, [E] 1989-1991, [F] 1992-1994, [G]~1995-1997, [H]~1998 - 2000, [I] 2001 - 2003, [J] 2004-2006, [K] 2007-2009,

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